Central Battery Unit

Battery Bank (VRLA, Ni-Cd, or Li-ion)

Battery Charger

Inverter (if AC output is required)

Changeover Relay / Automatic Transfer Switch

Control Panel / Monitoring Unit

Emergency Luminaires (Maintained / Non-Maintained)

Exit Signage Lights

Distribution Circuits

Fire-Resistant Cables (e.g., MICC or FRLS)

Fuses / MCBs / Circuit Breakers

Enclosure / Battery Cabinet

Self-Test Module / Auto-Test Functionality

Remote Monitoring Interface (BMS/SCADA integration)

Rectifier/Charger

Battery Bank

Inverter

Static Switch

Manual Bypass Switch

Input/Output Filters

Surge Protection Devices

Cooling System (Fans or Heat Sinks)

Control and Monitoring Unit (Controller or Display Panel)

Circuit Breakers/Fuses

Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) Battery

Flooded Lead Acid Battery (FLA)

Lithium-Ion Battery

Nickel-Cadmium (Ni-Cd) Battery

Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) Battery

Flow Batteries